Yan Shuiyu, Yang Huihui

Keywords： Ecological Ideas; Planning and Design; Evolution

Abstract：

The article reviews and summarizes the evolution of ecological concepts in urban planning and design from the nineteenth century to the late twentieth century in the United States. The paper concludes five stages, including the nascent ecological consciousness, plain ecological vicw functional ecological concept, systematic ecological perspective, and ecological ethics. During the process, humans altered their attitudes toward nature from domination to preservation. The urban planning and design methodology also switched from sensibility to rational. Therefore, the ecological perspective in urban planning and design gradually evolved during the period.

Funds：

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