郎嵬 克里斯托弗· 约翰· 韦伯斯特

Lang Wei, Christopher John Webster

关键词：活力；紧凑城市；高密度城市形态；凯文·林奇；香港

Keywords：Vitality; Compact City; High-Density Urban Form; Kelvin Lynch; Hong Kong

摘要：

随着中国城市化进程的加快，我国城市长期存在的人口与用地之间的矛盾日益凸显，许多城市用地发展已经处于超饱和状态。高密度城市的发展与规划已成为城市规划与地理学亟需研究的重要课题。作为典型的高密度城市，匮乏的资源、多山的地形、众多的人口，一直是困扰香港城市发展的难题。但香港以其高效率的城市用地形态为许多有着相似情况的城市提供了借鉴。自20 世纪70 年代起，香港开始以惊人的发展速度崛起，不仅成为世界级的金融中心，而且在城市规划、交通管理、环境保护、公屋建设等方面取得了巨大的成功。本文以香港为例，利用凯文·林奇的城市形态理论，详细考察了城市形态与城市密度之间的互动关系，判断城市形态与城市活力形成具有正向关系，并指出高密度城市建设与城市自身条件相适应的、高效率的城市形态密切相关。本文力求从香港的城市发展中寻找高密度城市的发展规律，为内地新常态下高密度、可持续城市发展提供一定的参考和依据。

Abstract：

With the acceleration of China’s urbanization process, the long-standing contradiction between population and land use embodied in cities is obviously emerging, while urban land use has been in a super saturated state. The development and planning of high-density cities have become an important research topic in urban planning and geography. As a typical high-density city, limited resources, mountainous terrain, and a large population, has always been a problem in city development of Hong Kong. However, with its high efficiency of urban form in land use, Hong Kong has provided a reference for many cities in the world with the similar situation. Since the 1970s, Hong Kong rose with an astonishing development speed, and succeeded as a worldclass financial center, with remarkable achievement in urban planning, traffic management, environmental protection, and public housing construction. This paper takes Hong Kong as an example, using Kevin Lynch’s theory of urban form, investigated in detail the interactive relationship between urban form and urban density, examined the positive relationship between urban form and formation of urban vitality, and argued that high-density urban development meet the cities’own needs, and is closely related to the high efficiency urban form. This paper aims to find the rule of high-density urban form from Hong Kong’s urban development for mainland Chinese cities in the New Normal time, and provide references and basis of sustainable urban development in highdensity urban form.

郎嵬，博士，中山大学地理科学与规划学院城市与区域规划系副研究员，香港大学建筑学院城市规划与设计系高级研究助理，国家注册规划师。langw3@mail.sysu.edu.cn

克里斯托弗· 约翰· 韦伯斯特， 博士，香港大学建筑学院，教授，院长

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