王亚洁

Wang Yajie

关键词：城市轨道交通；站域；土地利用；互动关系

Keywords：Urban Rail Transit; Station Area; Land Use; Interaction

摘要：

随着中国城市轨道交通的快速建设，城市轨道交通与周边土地利用不协同问题凸显，亟待加强两者互动关系的研究。本文总结了国外城市轨道交通与站域土地利用互动研究进展，以期为国内提供借鉴。国外大多数研究表明，城市轨道交通对站域土地价值的提升显著，提升程度受站点服务情况、地产类型和站域居民收入等社会经济因素影响；城市轨道交通能够提升站域土地利用强度、聚集商业办公功能、疏解中心城居住人口，但是，只有在相关政策条件的配合下，土地利用的变化才会发生；密度、可达性要素对客流大小影响较大，尤其是就业密度和公交接驳对客流影响大；混合度要素对客流影响较小，但能平衡客流的时空分布；在两者的协同方面，国外学者在TOD 理论、节点—场所模型、轨道交通—土地利用一体化模型、协同评价等方面做出探索。国外在定量实证研究、互动模型研究、相关规划思想和理论研究方面积累了丰富的经验和成果，我国今后应加强基于已建城轨的定量实证研究、基于个人交通行为和客流时变特征的微观研究、基于亚洲高密度城市的协同规划和协同评价研究。

Abstract：

The discordance between urban rail transit and land use is highlighted with the rapid construction of rail transit in China. The related research is well needed. This article gives an overview on the international studies about the interaction between urban rail transit and land use of station areas. We found that urban rail transit could promote the land value which is influenced by the quality of station service, property types and income levels. Urban rail transit can shape land use by promoting land use intensity, gathering business and office facilities and relieving residents of city center when combined with appropriate policies and some public assistance. Density and accessibility, especially employment density and intermodalism are key factors to improve ridership. The diversity of land use has little influence on ridership but it can balance the distribution of transit ridership. In addition, foreign scholars put forward the TOD theory, the node place model and some other research about synergetic planning and evaluation. They accumulated rich experience and achievements in related field. In the future, we should strengthen the quantitative empirical research, the microscopic research of individual traffic behavior and diurnal pattern of transit ridership, and the localization research on high-density cities in Asia.

王亚洁，清华大学建筑学院城市规划系博士研究生。

yj-wang13@mails.tsinghua.edu.cn

• [1] 国家发展和改革委员会，交通运输部. 关于印发《交通基础设施重大工程建设三年行动计划》的通知：发改基础[2016]730 号[A/OL].（2016-03-28）[2017-03-11]. http://www.sohu.com/a/117925891_465940

  [2] CERVERO R, KOCKELMAN K. Travel demand and the 3Ds: density,diversity, and design[J]. Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment, 1997, 2(3): 199-219.

  [3] BOWES D R, IHLANFELDT K R. Identifying the impacts of rail transit stations on residential property values[J]. Journal of Urban Economics, 2001, 50(1): 1-25.

  [4] CERVERO R, LANDIS J. Twenty years of the bay area rapid transit system: land use and development impacts[J]. Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, 1997, 31(4): 309-333.

  [5] CALTHORPE P. The next American metropolis: ecology, community, and the American dream[M]. New York: Princeton Architectural Press, 1993.

  [6] KUBY M, BARRANDA A, UPCHURCH C. Factors influencing light-rail station boardings in the United States[J]. Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, 2004, 38(3): 223-247.

  [7] LIN J J, GAU C C. A TOD planning model to review the regulation of allowable development densities around subway stations[J]. Land Use Policy, 2006, 23(3): 353-360.

  [8] BERTOLINI L. Nodes and places: complexities of railway station redevelopment[J]. European Planning Studies, 1996, 4(3): 331-345.

  [9] O’SULLIVAN S, MORRALL J. Walking distances to and from lightrail transit stations[J]. Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, 1996, (1538): 19-26.

  [10] EL-GENEIDY A, GRIMSRUD M, WASFI R, et al. New evidence on walking distances to transit stops: identifying redundancies and gaps using variable service areas[J]. Transportation, 2014, 41(1): 193-210.

  [11] SUNG H, CHOI K, LEE S, et al. Exploring the impacts of land use by service coverage and station-level accessibility on rail transit ridership[J]. Journal of Transport Geography, 2014, 36: 134-140.

  [12] EWING R, CERVERO R. Travel and the built environment[J]. Journal of the American Planning Association, 2010, 76(3): 265-294.

  [13] BLAINEY S P, PRESTON J M. A GIS-based appraisal framework for new local railway stations and services[J]. Transport Policy, 2013, 25: 41-51.

  [14] GUERRA E, CERVERO R, TISCHLER D. Half-mile circle: does it best represent transit station catchments?[J]. Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, 2012, 2276: 101-109.

  [15] ZHANG M. Job accessibility in the San Juan Metropolitan Region (SJMR): maximizing the benefits of Tren Urbano[D]. Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1999.

  [16] RATNER K A, GOETZ A R. The reshaping of land use and urban form in Denver through transit-oriented development[J]. Cities, 2013, 30: 31-46.

  [17] CERVERO R. Transit-oriented development in the United States: experiences, challenges, and prospects[M]. Transportation Research Board, 2004.

  [18] DEBREZION G, PELS E, RIETVELD P. The impact of railway stations on residential and commercial property value: a meta-analysis[J]. The Journal of Real Estate Finance and Economics, 2007, 35(2): 161-180.

  [19] PAN Q. The impacts of an urban light rail system on residential property values: a case study of the Houston metro rail transit line[J]. Transportation Planning and Technology, 2012, 36(2): 145-169.

  [20] DUNCAN M. The impact of transit-oriented development on housing prices in San Diego, CA[J]. Urban Studies, 2011, 48(1): 101-127.

  [21] HESS D B, ALMEIDA T M. Impact of proximity to light rail rapid transit on station-area property values in Buffalo, New York[J]. Urban Studies, 2007, 44(5-6): 1041-1068.

  [22] HANDY S. Smart growth and the transportation-land use connection: what does the research tell us?[J]. International Regional Science Review, 2005, 28(2): 146-167.

  [23] VESSALI K V. Land use impacts of rapid transit: a review of the empirical literature[J]. Berkeley Planning Journal, 1996, 11(1).

  [24] MOON H. Land use around suburban transit stations[J]. Transportation, 1990, 17(1): 67-88.

  [25] CALVO F, DE O?A J, ARáN F. Impact of the Madrid subway on population settlement and land use[J]. Land Use Policy, 2013, 31: 627-639.

  [26] HURST N B, WEST S E. Public transit and urban redevelopment: the effect of light rail transit on land use in Minneapolis, Minnesota[J]. Regional Science and Urban Economics, 2014, 46: 57-72.

  [27] CERVERO R. The transit metropolis: a global inquiry[M]. Washington D C: Island press, 1998.

  [28] 石桥裕之. 街道与车站[M]. 东京: 东京鹿岛出版会, 2002.

  [29] CERVERO R, FERRELL C, MURPHY S. Transit-oriented development and joint development in the United States: a literature review[J]. TCRP research Results Digest, 2002, (52).

  [30] JUN M-J, CHOI K, JEONG J-E, et al. Land use characteristics of subway catchment areas and their influence on subway ridership in Seoul[J]. Journal of Transport Geography, 2015, 48: 30-40.

  [31] KWOKA G J, BOSCHMANN E E, GOETZ A R. The impact of transit station areas on the travel behaviors of workers in Denver, Colorado[J]. Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, 2015, 80: 277-287.

  [32] CHAN S, MIRANDA-MORENO L. A station-level ridership model for the metro network in Montreal, Quebec[J]. Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering, 2013, 40(3): 254-262.

  [33] SOHN K, SHIM H. Factors generating boardings at metro stations in the Seoul metropolitan area[J]. Cities, 2010, 27(5): 358-368.

  [34] LOO B P Y, CHEN C, CHAN E T H. Rail-based transit-oriented development: lessons from New York City and Hong Kong[J]. Landscape and Urban Planning, 2010, 97(3): 202-212.

  [35] GUTIéRREZ J, CARDOZO O D, GARCíA-PALOMARES J C. Transit ridership forecasting at station level: an approach based on distance-decay weighted regression[J]. Journal of Transport Geography, 2011, 19(6): 1081-1092.

  [36] CARDOZO O D, GARCíA-PALOMARES J C, GUTIéRREZ J. Application of geographically weighted regression to the direct forecasting of transit ridership at station-level[J]. Applied Geography, 2012, 34: 548-558.

  [37] CHOI J, LEE Y J, KIM T, et al. An analysis of metro ridership at the stationto-station level in Seoul[J]. Transportation, 2011, 39(3): 705-722.

  [38] SUNG H, OH J-T. Transit-oriented development in a high-density city: identifying its association with transit ridership in Seoul, Korea[J]. Cities,2011, 28(1): 70-82.

  [39] HANDY S L, NIEMEIER D A. Measuring accessibility: an exploration of issues and alternatives[J]. Environment and planning A, 1997, 29(7): 1175-1194.

  [40] CERVERO R. Transit-based housing in California: evidence on ridership impacts[J]. Transport Policy, 1994, 1(3): 174-183.

  [41] CROWLEY D, SHALABY A, ZAREI H. Access walking distance, transit use, and transit-oriented development in North York city center, Toronto, Canada[J]. Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, 2009, 2110: 96-105.

  [42] ZHAO J, DENG W, SONG Y, et al. What influences metro station ridership in China? insights from Nanjing[J]. Cities, 2013, 35: 114-124.

  [43] PUCHER J, BUEHLER R. Integrating bicycling and public transport in North America[J]. Journal of Public Transportation, 2009, 12(3): 5.

  [44] CALTHORPE P. The pedestrian pocket[M]. Pedestrian Pocket Book, 1989.

  [45] ATASH F. Redesigning suburbia for walking and transit: emerging concepts[J]. Journal of Urban Planning and Development, 1994, 120(1): 48-57.

  [46] LI Y, GUO H, LI H, et al. Transit-oriented land planning model considering sustainability of mass rail transit[J]. Journal of Urban Planning and Development, 2010, 136(3): 243-248.

  [47] SEARLE G, DARCHEN S, HUSTON S. Positive and negative factors for transit oriented development: case studies from Brisbane, Melbourne and Sydney[J]. Urban Policy and Research, 2014, 32(4): 437-457.

  [48] FILION P, MCSPURREN K. Smart growth and development reality: the difficult co-ordination of land use and transport objectives[J]. Urban Studies, 2007, 44(3): 501-523.

  [49] BERTOLINI L. Spatial development patterns and public transport: the application of an analytical model in the Netherlands[J]. Planning Practice and Research, 1999, 14(2): 199-210.

  [50] REUSSER D E, LOUKOPOULOS P, STAUFFACHER M, et al. Classifying railway stations for sustainable transitions – balancing node and place functions[J]. Journal of Transport Geography, 2008, 16(3): 191-202.

  [51] ZEMP S, STAUFFACHER M, LANG D J, et al. Classifying railway stations for strategic transport and land use planning: context matters![J]. Journal of Transport Geography, 2011, 19(4): 670-679.

  [52] XIE B, DING C. An evaluation on coordinated relationship between urban rail transit and land-use under TOD mode[J]. Journal of Transportation Systems Engineering and Information Technology, 2013, 13(2): 9-13.

  [53] WEY W-M, ZHANG H, CHANG Y-J. Alternative transit-oriented development evaluation in sustainable built environment planning[J]. Habitat International, 2016, 55: 109-123.

  [54] PAPA E, BERTOLINI L. Accessibility and transit-oriented development in European metropolitan areas[J]. Journal of Transport Geography, 2015, 47: 70-83.

  [55] CERVERO R, ARRINGTON G. Effects of TOD on housing, parking and travel[R]. Transit Cooperative Research Program Report, 2008: 128.

  
  

• 收起