托马斯· 法罗尔

Written by Thomas Farole, Translated by Xu Junping, Profread by Li Yingcheng

关键词：开发区；工业化；全球化；产城融合

Keywords：Special Economic Zones; Industrialization; Globalization; Industry-City Integration

摘要：

过去50 年，开发区作为一种政策工具，在促进全球经济增长和发展转型方面发挥了重要作用。文章比较了开发区的不同定义、发展目标以及建设模式，并讨论了不同国家利用开发区作为政策工具的方式。文章同时回顾了开发区在全球工业化进程中的演变历史，并指出现代贸易和科技的变化将对传统开发区模式的有效性造成巨大冲击。文章最后提出了开发区目前和即将面临的挑战，包括开发区的转型升级与可持续发展，开发区与国内产业链的融合，开发区内服务业和制造业的融合以及开发区与城市的融合。

Abstract：

As a policy instrument, special economic zones (SEZs) have played significant roles in global economic growth and transformation over the last fifty years. This paper first compares SEZs in different institutional contexts including their definitions, objectives and forms as well as the different ways in which SEZs have been used as a policy instrument. Then, this paper reviews the evolution of SEZs during the global industrialization process and points out that current changes in trade and technology may herald the end of the effectiveness of traditional zone models. The paper concludes with the challenges that SEZs are facing or will face, including the compliance and upgrading of SEZs, integrating with domestic supply chains, integrating services with manufacturing and integrating SEZs with cities.

托马斯· 法罗尔，世界银行社会保障和就业全球化实践的首席经济学家，伦敦政治经济学院经济地理学博士，伦敦经济学院当地经济发展硕士和宾夕法尼亚大学沃顿商学院经济学学士

译者：许俊萍，美国得克萨斯A&M 大学城市规划博士

校译：李迎成，博士，麻省理工学院城市研究与规划系博士后研究员

• [1] ARCE-ALPAZAR G, MONGE-GONZáLEZ R, ROSALES-TIJERINO J.

  Cost-benefit analysis of the free trade zone system: the impact of foreign

  direct investment in Costa Rica. OAS Trade, Growth, and Competitiveness

  Studies (January). Washington, DC: Organisation of American States, 2005.

  [2] BOYENGE JPS. ILO database on export processing zones, revised. ILO:

  Geneva, 2007.

  [3] CHEN J. Social cost-benefit analysis of China’s Shenzhen Special Economic

  Zone[J]. Development Policy Review, 1993, 11(3): 261-71.

  [4] COLLIER P, PAGE J. Industrial Development Report 2009[R]. Vienna: UN

  Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO), 2009.

  [5] COMBES P, DURANTON G. Labour pooling, labour poaching and spatial

  clustering[J]. Regional Science and Urban Economics, 2006, 36 (1): 1-28.

  [6] DELGADO, FéLIX, ALBERTO Trejos. Intel: Estudio de Impacto

  Económico en Costa Rica. CEFSA, San José, Costa Rica, 2006.

  [7] FAROLE T. Special Economic Zones in Africa. Washington, DC: The

  World Bank, 2011.

  [8] FAROLE T, KILROY A, NORMAN M. Special Economic Zones (SEZs) and

  cities: opportunities for mutual benefit in South Africa. The World Bank,

  Washington, DC, 2014.

  [9] FAROLE T, WINKLER D. Making foreign direct investment work for Sub-

  Saharan Africa: local spillovers and competitiveness in global value chains.

  Washington DC: The World Bank, 2014.

  [10] FIAS. Special Economic Zones: performance, lessons learned, and

  implications for zone development. Washington, DC: World Bank, 2008.

  [11] HAMADA K. An economic analysis of duty-free zone[J]. Journal of

  International Economics, 1974, 4(3): 225-41.

  [12] JAYANTHAKUMARAN K. Benefit–cost appraisals of export processing

  zones: a survey of the literature[J]. Development Policy Review, 2003, 21(1):

  51-65.

  [13] KINGOMBE T, TE VELDE D W. Structural transformation and

  employment creation: the role of growth facilitation processes in Sub-

  Saharan Africa. ODI for the World Bank, Washington, DC, 2013.

  [14] LARRAíN F, LóPEZ-CALVA F, RODRíGUEZ-CLARE A. Intel: a case

  study of foreign direct investment in Central America[M] // FELIPE

  Larraín, ed. Economic development in Central America, vol. I: growth and

  internationalization. Harvard University Press, 2001.

  [15] MADANI D. A review of the role and impact of export processing zones[D].

  Working Paper, No. 2238. Washington DC: World Bank, 1999.

  [16] OTTAVIANO G I P, PUGA D. Agglomeration in the global economy:

  a survey of the new economic geography[J]. The World Economy, Wiley

  Blackwell, 1998, 216: 707-731

  [17] ROBBINS G. Searching for space in South Africa’s post-apartheid industrial

  policy. presentation to economies of regions learning network conference.

  Pretoria, October, 2015.

  [18] RODRíGUEZ-POSE A, CRESCENZI R. Mountains in a flat world: why

  proximity still matters for the location of economic activity[J]. Cambridge

  Journal of Regions Economy and Society, 2008, 13: 371-388.

  [19] WANG J. The economic impact of Special Economic Zones: evidence from

  Chinese municipalities[J]. Journal of Development Economics, 2013, 101:

  133-47.

  [20] WARR P G. Export processing zones: the economics of enclave

  manufacturing[J]. The World Bank Research Observer, 1989, 4(1): 65-88.

  [21] World Bank. Factory Southern Africa? SACU in global value chains.

  Washington, DC, 2016.

  [22] World Bank. Export processing zones. Policy and Research Series 20.

  Washington, DC, 1992.

  [23] ZHENG S, SUN W, WU J et al. The birth of edge cities in China:

  measuring the spillover effects of industrial parks[D]. NBER Working Paper

  No. 21378. National Bureau of Economic Research, 2015.

  
  

• 收起