李志林 包存宽 沈百鑫

Li Zhilin, Bao Cunkuan, Shen Baixin

关键词：德国；空间规划；战略环境评价；联动机制

Keywords：Germany; Spatial Planning; Strategic Environmental Assessment; Tiering Assessment

摘要：

联动是指在时空、内容和程序方面存在一定交叉和重复的不同部门、不同类型的决策，对其实施环境评价时，可以根据决策的属性与特点，界定不同决策评价的重点和范围，并借助环境信息和数据的共享、部门咨询和协调，保证重大资源、环境与生态问题在不同的决策层次可以得到合理有度的评价。本文从德国空间规划体系战略环境评价的联动机制入手，分别对战略环评联动的法律界定、目的、实施、类型进行分析，指出德国空间规划战略环评的联动机制主要表现为：依靠法律和制度规定，强化联动实施；通过部门合作，保障联动落实；遵循多方位交流，倡导双向性和对流性联动。我国在实施评价联动时需清楚界定其概念和作用、核查现有评价工具、拓宽当前联动的应用范围、强化法律界定和提倡信息交流和部门合作、鼓励推进联动的实验性研究以积累相关经验。

Abstract：

As a major driving force for the development of strategic environmental assessment, tiering has been regarded as one of factors which can influence the implementation of strategic environmental assessment. Through the analysis of spatial planning system and the current related environmental assessment tools in Germany, this article identifies some findings with regards to the implementation of tieing as follows: relying on legal requirements to strengthen the tiering implementation; safeguarding the implementation of tiering with the help of authority involvement and cooperation; ensuring early implementation in key steps; and promoting two ways tiering by following multi-faceted communications. Some suggestions for Chinese SEA are listed as follows: clearly defining the concept and role of tiering; inventorying current environmental-related assessment tools and broadening the scope of tiering application; providing related systems and measures to guarantee the implementation of tieing; last but not least, promoting and encouraging pilot studies to gain experience.

李志林，德国莱比锡大学地理研究所博士研究生。tylzl1972@hotmail.com

包存宽（通信作者），博士，复旦大学环境科学与工程系教授，博士生导师。baock@fudan.edu.cn

沈百鑫，德国莱比锡大学法学院博士研究生

• [1] ARTS J, TOMLINSON P, VOOGD H. EIA and SEA tiering: the missing

  link?[C]. Position Paper Conference on “International experience and

  perspectives in SEA” International Association of Impact Assessment 26-30

  September 2005, Prague.

  [2] EC (European Commission). Manual on strategic environmental assessment

  of transport infrastructure plans, drafted by DHV Environment and

  Infrastructure. DG VII Transport Brussels. 1999.

  [3] TOMLINSON P, FRY C. Improving EIA effectiveness through SEA[C].

  Paper presented at the 22nd Annual Meeting of the IAIA, The Hague. 15-

  21, June. 2002.

  [4] SANCHEZ L E, SILVA-SANCHEZ S S. Tiering strategic environmental

  assessment and project environmental impact assessment in highway

  planning in Sao Paulo[J]. Brazil. EIA Review, 2008, 28: 515-522.

  [5] BINA O. A critical review of the dominant lines of argumentation on the

  need for strategic environmental assessment[J]. Environmental Impact

  Assessment Review, 2007, 27: 585-606.

  [6] REHHAUSEN A, ALBRECHT J, GER?LER G, et al. SEA quality critiris:

  claims for strategic environmental assessment[J]. UVP Report, 2015, 29 (2):

  96-103.

  [7] BUNGE T. Moeglichkeiten und grenzen der “Abschichtung” bei der

  strategischen Umweltpruefung [M]//Spannowsky; Kraemer (Hrsg.): Plan-UPRichtlinie.

  Koeln u. a. 2004.

  [8] BUNZEL A. Abschichtung der Umweltpruefung zwischen Regional- und

  Bauleitplanung[M] // Eberle; Jacoby (Hrsg.). a. a. O., S. 27 ff. 2003.

  [9] ARTS J, TOMLINSON P, VOOGD H. Planning in tiers? Tiering as a way of

  linking SEA and EIA[M]// Sadler, Aschemann et al. Handbook of Strategic

  Environmental Assessment.2011, 415-433.

  [10] 赵海君, 包存宽, 马蔚纯, 王金南, 许开鹏, 葛察忠. 基于协同推进生态

  文明建设的“多评融合”路径初探 [J]. 中国环境管理, 2016, 8(1): 61-67.

  [11] 席广亮, 许振东, 葛文才, 等. 生态文明视角下的“多规”空间优化布

  局研究—以泰州市姜堰区为例 [J]. 中国环境管理, 2016, 8(3): 30-34.

  [12] 赵海君, 包存宽, 马蔚纯, 等. 基于协同推进生态文明建设的“多评融

  合”路径初探 [J]. 中国环境管理, 2016, 8(1): 61-67.

  [13] 环境保护部（环发 [2015]178 号）. 关于加强规划环境影响评价与建设

  项目环境影响评价协同工作的意见.

  [14] 包存宽. 基于生态文明的战略环境评价制度（SEA 2.0）设计研究[J].

  环境保护, 2015, 43(10): 17-23.

  [15] Pahl-Weber, Elke ed. The planning system and planning terms in germany [M].

  A Alossary, 2008.Hannover: Acad. for Spatial Research and Planning (Studies

  in spatial development, no. 7), checked on 3/16/2015.

  [16] 李志林, 包存宽. 德国空间规划战略环境评价的法律界定以及对我国

  的启示 [J]. 中国环境管理, 2016, 8(6): 55-60.

  [17] Hoppe/Beckmann (Hrsg.). UVPG Gesetz über die Umweltvertr?glichkeitsprüfung.

  Kommentar 4. Auflage 2012. Carl Heymanns Verlag.

  [18] HANUSCH M, EBERLE D, JACOBY C, SCHMIDT C, SCHMIDT P.

  Umweltprüfung in der Regionalplanung: Arbeitshilfe zur Umsetzung des

  § 7 Abs. 5 bis 10 ROG. Hannover: ARL, Akad. für Raumforschung u.

  Landesplanung. 2007.

  [19] SCHWARZ T. Abschichtung bei der Umweltpruefung in der Raumordnung

  und der Bauleitplanung [J]. Natur und Recht, 2011(33): 545-555.

  [20] BAO C K. GAO Y W. ZHOU Y L. Designing a management framework for

  strategic environmental assessment of urban plans in China[J]. Journal of

  Environmental Assessment Policy and Management, 2009, 11(4): 451-470.

  
  

• 收起