颜文涛

Yan Wentao

关键词：生态实践；内涵与特征；逻辑法则；生态实践知识体系；生态实践框架

Keywords：Ecological Practice; Connotation and Characteristics; Logical Rules; Ecological Practice Knowledge System; Ecological Practice Framework

摘要：

以生态实践为研究对象，可以更好地认知和理解生态实践的基本规律，为成功的生态实践指引方向。本文从生态实践的本体论视角，界定了生态实践概念和内涵，提出了生态实践具有的系统有机性、场境依赖、社会多样性、空间匹配性、时间联接性、要素协变性等六个特征。生态实践的逻辑强调实践主体和实践对象的统一性，总结出生态实践逻辑的五个基本法则：整体律、适境律、容错律、适应律、反馈律。五个基本法则可以帮助我们识别并避免错误的实践行动。根据知识来源将生态实践知识划分为生态科学知识、地方默会知识、实践动机知识、程序性知识等四类，构建了知识类型→问题诊断→目标制定→规划控制→实施管理→反馈调节→知识更新的生态实践框架体系。

Abstract：

Taking ecological practice as the research object, we can better understand the basic rules of ecological practice and guide the direction to achieve a successful ecological practice. From the ontological perspective of ecological practice, this paper defines the concept and connotation of ecological practice, and puts forward six characteristics of ecological practice, such as organic system, territoriality, social diversity, spatial matching, temporality and covariance. Furthermore, five logical rules for ecological practice are summarized: indivisibility, context dependence, faulttolerance, adaptation, and feedback, which can help us to identify and avoid mistakes in practice. According to the knowledge source, the ecological practical knowledge is divided into four categories: ecological scientific knowledge, local tacit knowledge, practical motivation knowledge and procedural knowledge.

颜文涛，博士，同济大学建筑与城市规划学院，高密度人居环境生态与节能教育部重点实验室，教授，博士生导师；同济大学建筑与城市规划学院生态智慧与生态实践研究中心副主任。yanwt@tongji.edu.cn

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