黄奇晴 杨滔 沈尧

Huang Qiqing, Yang Tao, Shen Yao

关键词：多层次规划；规划实施；政策；空间；信息技术；英国；伯明翰

Keywords：Multi-level Planning; Planning Implementation; Policy; Space; Information Technology; The United Kingdom; Birmingham

摘要：

本文简要回顾了英国城乡规划体系及其最近改革，并以伯明翰为例介绍其主要城市规划类型；基于伯明翰地方层面规划中城市层级的地方发展规划、片区层级的片区行动规划、社区层级的邻里发展规划以及相关规划申请，从愿景与目标、政策与指标、空间与布局的角度讨论规划联动的可能方式；从项目规划审批、实施监测、信息化公示角度探究辅助规划传导的支撑性作用。笔者认为，由于不同层级的规划有其不同尺度和精度的规划目标与意图，联动与传导机制需要关注下一层级规划，根据其独特的区位因素等对上一层级规划目标和指标作进一步解读，细化到当地可感知的指标和具体项目上，并结合各种诸如基础设施等专项规划的评估进行更为细致的审查，落实到项目规划审批和监督实施的实施环节中。因此，笔者认为规划传导并不仅仅是建立不同层级指标体系，而且是基于不同层级规划的愿景、目标、政策等方面的多方联动，在编制、审批、监测、评估、公示等各环节进行系统化分解、诠释、整合与再解读。

Abstract：

This paper briefly reviews the UK planning system and its recent reform, and takes Birmingham as an example to introduce its main planning types. Based on the local development planning at the city level, area action planning at the district level, neighborhood development planning at the community level and relevant planning applications of Birmingham, possible ways in which different levels of planning interact are discussed from the perspectives of vision and objectives, policies and indicators, space and spatial layout. According to planning approval, implementation monitoring and information publicity, the supporting role of planning transmission is explored. This paper holds that due to different levels of planning has its different scales of planning goals and intentions, the linkage and transmission mechanism needs to pay more attention to the lower level planning according to its unique geographical factors. It is necessary to further interpret the objectives and indicators of the upper level of planning, down to local targets and specific projects. Combined with the evaluation of various special planning such as infrastructure planning, a more detailed examination is carried out applying planning objectives and indicators to the implementation of planning approval and supervision. Therefore, planning transmission is not only the cohesion of indicator systems at different levels, but also the interaction of visions, goals and policies of different levels of planning, which is systematically decomposed, interpreted, integrated and re-interpreted in the stages of planning preparation, approval, monitoring, evaluation and publicity.

黄奇晴，硕士，中规院（北京）规划设计有限公司，规划师。qiqing1220@163.com

杨滔（通信作者），博士，清华大学建筑学院，副教授。taoyang128@qq.com

沈尧，博士，同济大学建筑与城市规划学院，副教授

• [1] 徐晶, 杨昔. 国土空间规划传导体系与实施机制探讨[J]. 中国土地, 2020(8): 21-24.

  [2] 李莉, 左玉强. 省级国土空间规划传导体系构建及运行机制研究[J]. 上海城市规划, 2021(3): 42-47.

  [3] 周宜笑, 谭纵波. 德国规划体系空间要素纵向传导的路径研究——基于国土空间规划的视角[J]. 城市规划, 2020, 44(9): 68-77.

  [4] 徐毅松, 熊健, 范宇, 等. 关于上海建立国土空间规划体系并监督实施的实践和思考[J].城市规划学刊, 2020(3): 57-64.

  [5] 李兆汝, 曲长虹. 城市规划：实事求是回顾50年——访中国城市规划学会理事长、两院院士周干峙[N]. 中国建设报, 2006-08-01: 3.

  [6] 罗超, 王国恩, 孙靓雯. 从土地利用规划到空间规划：英国规划体系的演进[J]. 国际城市规划, 2017, 32(4): 90-97. DOI: 10.22217/upi.2016.169.

  [7] Stationery Office. Planning & Compulsory Purchase Act 2004[EB/OL]. [2021-05-29]. http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/5.

  [8] Localism Act 2011[EB/OL]. [2021-05-29]. http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ ukpga/2011/20/pdfs/ukpga_20110020_en.pdf.

  [9] Ministry of Housing, Communities & Local. National planning policy framework[EB/OL]. [2021-05-29]. https://www.gov.uk/government/ publications/national-planning-policy-framework—2.

  [10] Birmingham City Council. New ward maps[EB/OL]. [2021-05-29]. https:// www.birmingham.gov.uk/downloads/file/9810/new_wards_map_2018.

  [11] Birmingham City Council. Birmingham development plan[EB/OL]. [2021-05-29]. https://www.birmingham.gov.uk/info/20054/planning_strategies_and_policies/78/birmingham_development_plan.

  [12] Birmingham City Council. Bordesley Park area action plan[EB/OL]. [2021-05-29]. https://www.birmingham.gov.uk/downloads/download/276/ bordesley_park_area_action_plan.

  [13] Balsall Heath Neighbourhood Planning Forum. Balsall Heath neighbourhood development plan[EB/OL]. [2021-05-29]. https:// www.birmingham.gov.uk/downloads/download/264/balsall_heath_neighbourhood_development_plan.

  [14] Birmingham City Council. Local validation requirements for planning applications[EB/OL]. [2021-05-29]. https://www.birmingham.gov.uk/ downloads/file/7362/local_validation_criteria_2020.

  [15] Birmingham City Council. Annual monitoring report 2010[EB/OL]. [2021-05-29]. https://www.birmingham.gov.uk/downloads/file/862/annual_ monitoring_report_2010.

  [16] Birmingham City Council. Annual monitoring report 2012[EB/OL]. [2021-05-29]. https://www.birmingham.gov.uk/downloads/file/863/annual_ monitoring_report_2012.

  [17] Birmingham City Council. Authority monitoring report 2011-2016[EB/ OL]. [2021-05-29]. https://www.birmingham.gov.uk/downloads/file/6652/authority_monitoring_report_2015_to_2016.

  [18] Birmingham City Council. Authority monitoring report 2011-2019[EB/OL]. [2021-05-29]. https://www.birmingham.gov.uk/downloads/file/14798/authority_monitoring_report_2018_to_2019.

  
  

• 收起