关键词：容积率；空间分布特征；集聚；宜居；影响因素；新加坡
Keywords：FAR; Spatial Distribution Characteristic; Agglomeration; Livability; Influencing Factor; Singapore
摘要：
在人多地少的约束条件下，新加坡城市运行高效、环境宜居，成为我国许多城市建设的学习榜样。容积率是城市建设与管控的核心指标之一，研究新加坡容积率空间分布规律，对我国城市规划建设有很强的借鉴意义。本文以总规数据为基础，采用定量分析和定性评估的方法对新加坡容积率空间分布特征进行研究。研究发现：其整体分布特征上延续“一环一带”的结构，用地以中高强度建设为主，但总体容积率适宜；极值集聚程度上形成了“一核高度集聚、多心均匀散布”的特征；空间分布形态上呈现“中心高外围低、南部高北面低”的特征。造成上述特征的因素有自然环境、历史发展、政府意志、中心体系和公共交通等。参考新加坡的容积率空间分布与管控经验，为了适应我国城市的高质量发展，在用地强度管控上既要使容积率空间分布符合客观规律，也要以高效与宜居为长期目标，突出城市整体强度分区，鼓励建筑向重点地区集中，并通过制度设计加强容积率的管理等。
Abstract：
Under the constraints of limited land area and increasing population, Singapore has become a model for many cities in China to learn from, as it operates efficiently and has a livable environment. The FAR is one of the core indicators for urban construction and control. Studying the spatial distribution law of Singapore’s FAR has strong reference value for China’s urban planning and construction. This paper takes the data of Master Plan 2019 of Singapore as basis and uses quantitative and qualitative methods to study the distribution characteristics of Singapore’s FAR. The study finds that the overall distribution characteristics continues the structure of “one ring and one belt”, and the urban development focuses on medium intensity and high intensity utilization of land, but the overall FAR is appropriate. In terms of aggregation of extremum, it forms the characteristics of one-core concentration and multi-core dispersion. The spatial distribution pattern shows a characteristic of “high inside and low outside, high in the south and low in the north”. Factors contributing to the above characteristics include the natural environment, historical development condition, government will, central system and public transportation. Referring to Singapore’s experience in the spatial distribution of FAR, in order to adapt to the high-quality development of cities in China, land intensity control should not only make the spatial distribution of FAR conform to the objective law, but also take efficiency and livability as the long-term goal, highlight the overall intensity zoning of the city, encourage buildings to concentrate in key areas, and strengthen management of FAR through system design, and so on.