Liao Kaihuai, Cai Yunnan

Keywords： Barcelona; Superblocks; Walkability

Abstract：

Barcelona has a long history of public space renewal in neighborhoods. In recent years, there has been a planning innovation which named superblocks planning. The plan aims to revive the block streets and advocates the return of the streets back to the pedestrians. This paper introduces the background of Barcelona’s superblocks planning, and explores the innovative conception of the superblocks planning, following with the discussion of the differences of conception among superblocks, traditional blocks and gated communities. It also elaborates the contents and implementation mechanism of the superblocks planning in Barcelona. The purpose of this paper is to provide useful inspiration for the promotion of residential blocks and the planning of blocks in China.

Funds：

• ?[1] URBANO J. The Cerdà Plan for the expansion of Barcelona: a model for modern city planning[J]. Focus, 2016, 12(1): 13.
  [2] 赵之枫, 张玺, 惠晓曦. 公共空间的复兴——巴塞罗那城市扩展街区改造解读[J]. 建筑技艺, 2013(1): 226-231.
  [3] 朱跃华, 姚亦锋, 周章. 巴塞罗那公共空间改造及对我国的启示[J]. 现代城市研究, 2006, 21(4): 4-8.
  [4] 杨保军. 城市公共空间的失落与新生[J]. 城市规划学刊, 2007(6): 9-15.
  [5] The New York Times. What New York can learn from Barcelona’s ‘Superblocks’ [EB/OL]. (2016-09-30)[2016-11-14]. http://www.nytimes.com/2016/10/02/nyregion/what-new-york-can-learn-from-barcelonassuperblocks.html.
  [6] 张杰, 袁路平. 巴塞罗那扩展区多层高密度街坊的发展与启示[J]. 国外城市规划, 2004(4): 51-55.
  [7] 戴林琳, 盖世杰“. 塞尔达规划”的街区模式及其空间发育进程初探[J]. 华中建筑, 2008, 26(8): 208-212.
  [8] ORDONEZ J A F. Cerdà - Utopia and Pragmatism[M] // Cerdà: Urbs i Territori: planning beyond the urban. Barcelona: Electa, 1996: 19-22.
  [9] BOEING G. Honolulu rail transit: international lessons from Barcelona in linking urban form, design, and transportation[J]. Planext, 2016(2): 28-47.
  [10] Inspira: Magazine about children’s health and environment. 3 misunderstandings on air quality and the cities. The situation in Barcelona and Madrid [EB/OL]. (2013-11-27)[2016-12-17].http://fundrogertorne.org/health-childhood-environmental/2013/11/27/3-misunderstandings-on-airquality-and-the-cities-the-situation-in-barcelona-and-madrid/.
  [11] 西安晚报. 西安城区车辆密度仅次于北京, 每平方公里3400 余辆[EB/OL]. (2015-01-22) [2016-12-17] .http://news.cnwest.com/content/2015-01/22/content_12078595.htm.
  [12] PéREZ L, SUNYER J, KüNZLI N. Estimating the health and economic benefits associated with reducing air pollution in the Barcelona metropolitan area(Spain)[J]. Gaceta Sanitaria, 2009, 23(4): 287-294.
  [13] Departament de Territori i Sostenibilitat.Resum mapes estratègics de soroll(2012-2017) [R]. http://mediambient.gencat.cat/ca/05_ambits_dactuacio/atmosfera/contaminacio_acustica/gestio_ambiental_del_soroll/mapes_de_soroll/ma?pes_estrategics_de_soroll/.
  [14] Ajuntament de Barcelona. Urban Mobility Plan of Barcelona (PMU) 2013-2018 Document Presented for Initial Approval–Part 3[R]. http://mobilitat.ajuntament.barcelona.cat/en/documentation?field_tipologia_documentacion_tid=11.
  ?[15] Ministerio Del Interior. Anuario Estadístico de Accidentes 2012[R]. http://www.dgt.es/es/seguridad-vial/estadisticas-e-indicadores/publicaciones/anuario-estadistico-accidentes/.

  [16] ROBUSTé F, MONZóN A. Una metodología simple para estimar los costes derivados de la congestión del tráfico en ciudades. Aplicación a Madrid
  y Barcelona[C]. Congreso Nacional de Economía. Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 1995: 117-123.
  [17] 扬·盖尔. 交往与空间（第四版）[M]. 何人可, 译. 北京: 中国建筑工业出版社, 2002.
  [18] 简·雅各布斯. 美国大城市的死与生[M]. 金衡山, 译. 南京: 译林出版社, 2006.
  [19] BC Necologia. Sustainable Urban Mobility Plan of Barcelona (2013-2018)[R]. ?http://www.bcnecologia.net/en/projects/sustainable-urban-mobility-planbarcelona-2013-2018.
  [20] Ajuntament de Barcelona. àmbit Pilot de Superilles Districte de l’Eixample: Barri de La Nova Esquerra de l’Eixample, 2014[R]. http://ajuntament.barcelona.cat/superilles/es/superilla/eixample.
  [21] Ajuntament de Barcelona. Districte de l’Eixample àmbit pilot Superilles de Sant Antoni: Dossier Diagnostic, 2016[R]. http://ajuntament.barcelona.cat/superilles/es/superilla/eixample.
  [22] 申凤, 李亮, 翟辉“. 密路网，小街区”模式的路网规划与道路设计——以昆明呈贡新区核心区规划为例[J]. 城市规划, 2016(5): 43-53.