刘志丹 张纯 宋彦

Liu Zhidan, Zhang Chun, Song Yan

关键词：城市形态；多维度；多尺度；公共政策

Keywords：Urban Form; Multi-disciplinary Analysis; Multi-scale Analysis; Public Policy

摘要：

自20 世纪80 年代中期开始，人们对城市土地粗放利用、空间无序蔓延的批判和反思，以及对精明城市形态的寻求，重新引起了美国城市规划者和政策制定者对城市形态的研究兴趣。本文综述了美国和中国城市形态研究的主要文献，认为中国的城市形态研究目前主要分别集中于城市地理学、城市规划、建筑和城市设计等领域，尚未进行跨领域的研究。而从过去20 多年美国相关研究进展来看，美国的城市形态研究趋向于多尺度下的多维度形态识别，即可分为景观生态、城市经济、城市交通、城市社区以及城市设计等五个维度，分别对应大区域、大都市区、次区域、社区和街区等五个尺度。这些多维度、多尺度的城市形态研究成果对制定城市公共政策有直接相关意义。美国城市形态研究的最新进展不仅可以为中国城市形态研究提供启示，也将为21 世纪中国城市塑造更健康、可持续的城市形态提供借鉴。

Abstract：

This paper reviews recent literature on urban form in both China and the USA. Based on the review in China, it shows that research on urban form in China mainly concentrates on fields such us urban geography, urban planning, architecture and urban design.The review in the USA reveals a multi-disciplinary, multi-scale, and policy-oriented agenda. Research involves five disciplines: landscape ecology, economic structure, transportation planning, neighborhood planning and urban design; these disciplines are in correspondence to five scales: regional, metropolitan, sub-metropolitan, neighborhood and blocks. Recent progress on urban form research in the USA will not only shed light on research contents, but also provide implications for the creation of healthier and sustainable urban form in China in the 21st century. 

刘志丹，深圳大学建筑与城市规划学院，硕士研究生。zhidanliu111@gmail.com 

张纯，北京大学城市与环境学院博士后，北京大学- 林肯研究院城市发展与土地政策研究中心研究员。zhangch@plc.pku.edu.cn, zici0723@126.com 

宋彦，深圳大学城市规划系教授，美国北卡罗莱纳大学教堂山分校城市与区域规划系终身副教授。ys@email.unc.edu 

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