梅格· 霍尔登 安迪· 塞里

Meg Holden, Andy Scerri

关键词：城市宜居性；可持续性；城市可持续性；温哥华；墨尔本

Keywords：Urban Liveability; Sustainability; Urban Sustainability; Vancouver; Melbourne

摘要：

??温哥华和墨尔本是宜居性城市竞赛中胜出的佼佼者，其经验表明，它们遵循着非常相似的发展、政策和规划路径。尽管两座城市都面临着为未来做准备的挑战，它们目前仍处于发展的波峰时期。城市在宜居性方面取得成功，仅仅说明少数幸运群体的生活得以满足。实现宜居城市的可持续发展是可能的，但还需将另外两个群体考虑在内。而城市对这两个群体也负有责任：那些不能满足当前自身需求的人以及城市的未来居民。墨尔本提供了一个关于为什么要在城市生活的令人兴奋的概念。又因得益于澳大利亚全国范围内关于平等问题的普遍讨论，墨尔本公共生活的社交气氛非常好。相比之下，温哥华提供了一个关于城市生活的引人注目的愿景，在这个愿景中，城市居民和当地政府形成了互动日益增多、负有抱负的合作伙伴关系。墨尔本这座城市是一件展示品，一个工作的场所，一个供年轻人和爱打拼的人挥洒的舞台。温哥华有一个能够担起重任的大区域政府，它负责缩小郊区与城市在资源及发展规划方面的差距。在墨尔本，这样的大都市实体并不存在。区域治理是州政府的管辖权限，它保护的是既成关系，并与大开发商利益共享。

??

Abstract：

Lessons from two leaders in the liveable cities race, Vancouver and Melbourne, demonstrate that these cities have followed a quite similar development, policy and planning path and now ride the crest of the wave while facing comparable challenges in preparing for the future. Success in urban liveability speaks to the conditions of life for the luckily satis?ed few. An urban liveability that is also sustainable is possible but demands thinking about two other groups for whom the city is responsible: those who cannot meet their needs today, and those who will live in the future city. Melbourne offers an exciting notion of what living in the city is for and a sociability in public life that bene?ts from an intact equity argument at the national scale. Vancouver, by contrast, offers a compelling vision of urban life, for good, throughout the life cycle, one that brings with it an increasingly interactive, partnership-oriented and aspiring relationship between urban residents and their local government. The City of Melbourne is the showpiece, the workplace, and the venue for the young and restless to play. Vancouver has a regional government able to do the heavy lifting of narrowing the urban/suburban divide in metropolitan vision and priorities. In Melbourne, no such metropolitan entity exists, and regional governance is the domain of the state government, protecting established relationships and sharing common interests with big developers.

??梅格· 霍尔登，温哥华西蒙弗雷泽大学。mholden@sfu.ca

安迪· 赛里，墨尔本皇家理工学院。andy.scerri@rmit.edu.an

??

??刘倩倩，中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所博士研究生。liuqq.15b@igsnrr.ac.cn??

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