顾浩 周楷宸 王兰

Gu Hao, Zhou Kaichen, Wang Lan

关键词：可步行性；步行指数；交通污染；人口结构；公共健康

Keywords：Walkability; Walk Score; Traffic Pollution; Population Configuration; Public Health

摘要：

可步行性是城市步行友好程度的重要表征，也是健康城市规划的重要内容。当前可步行性评价方法中，步行指数是研究和应用最为广泛的方法之一。针对人体健康，本文探讨从环境和社会两个维度，进一步优化步行指数的测评方法。在环境维度建议考虑空气污染与步行活动的关系；在社会维度考虑人口对潜在步行出行的影响。本文提出选择这两个维度的具体指标和数据类型，主要增加交通污染数据、人口密度和年龄结构数据，建构纳入路径和计算方法。在此基础上，选取上海市（原）静安区为研究对象，对其整体路网按路段进行评测，比较纳入新要素后的测度结果与原有测度结果的不同。通过分析新要素纳入的必要性和显著性，本文对道路的可步行性进行深入分析，为提升步行活动和促进公共健康提供基础。

Abstract：

Walkability presents the level of pedestrian-friendliness in a city, which is a significant aspect in healthy city planning. Walk score is one of the most popular indicators to measure walkability nowadays. With a consideration of human health, this paper explores a method to improve the measurement of walk score from both environmental and social aspects. It is proposed that the impact of air pollution and population configuration on walkability should be considered. This paper proposes adding traffic pollution, population density and population age structure as key variables in the calculation of walk score. Based on this revision of methodology, Jing’an District of Shanghai is chosen as the study site to measure walk score for its road system. The paper compares the results of the original and proposed calculation methods. Through discovering the necessity and significance of the new method, this paper analyzes walkability of streets in order to promote physical activity and public health.

顾浩，同济大学建筑与城市规划学院，博士研究生

周楷宸，同济大学建筑与城市规划学院，硕士研究生

王兰（通信作者），同济大学建筑与城市规划学院，教授，博导。wanglan@tongji.edu.cn

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