蒋华雄

Jiang Huaxiong

关键词：复杂性；规划支持系统；PSS 实施困境；社会技术法； 智慧城市规划

Keywords：Complexity; Planning Support Systems; PSS Implementation Gap; A Socio-Technical Approach; Smart City Planning

摘要：

城市规划是一项高度复杂的人类活动，需要相应的规划支持技术来辅助规划人员执行特定的规划任务。有史以来，西方社会不同时期、不同形式的技术被开发和应用到城市规划领域并最终形成了以“规划支持系统”（以下简称PSS）为主导的规划支持技术。规划支持系统指基于地理信息技术的包含一系列组件的专业工具，以共同支持特定规划任务的特定部分。然而长期以来，众多的PSS 被学术界或者科技公司开发出来，在规划实践中的应用却相当有限，形成了PSS 的供给开发与需求应用之间的不一致，即“PSS 实施困境”。对于这一问题的了解将有助于理解近20 年来西方规划支持技术经历的发展过程。本文旨在勾勒西方PSS 实施困境产生的理论背景、现实原因、解决路径，以及PSS 当前发展新趋势，目的在于为我国城市规划中规划支持技术的创新、开发、应用提出建设性意见。

Abstract：

Urban planning is a highly complex human activity that requires appropriate planning support techniques to assist planners in performing specific planning tasks. Various information technologies in different periods of Western society have been developed and applied to the urban planning field, which finally crystallized as “Planning Support Systems”(PSS). PSS are geo-based information technology that includes a set of components to collectively support specific planning tasks. However, for a long time, the development of PSS in Western urban planning has witnessed “PSS implementation gap”, that is, many PSS have been developed by academic circles or technology companies, but their application in planning practice is quite insufficient and limited. Understanding this issue will help to reveal PSS development trajectory of Western urban planning over the past two decades. Thus, this paper aims to outline the theoretical background, practical reasons, and solutions of PSS implementation gap, and sketch new development trends of PSS in Western urban planning. From this, this paper provides constructive suggestions for the development and application of planning support in the Chinese urban planning context.

蒋华雄，博士，北京师范大学地理科学学部讲师。huaxiong jiang@bnu.edu.cn

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