孙婧婧

Sun Jingjing

关键词：关键劳动力 ；住房贫困 ；可负担性住房 ；社会住房 ；购买权政策 ； 住房政策 ；低收入群体 ；住房协会

Keywords：Key Worker; Housing Poverty; Affordable Housing; Social Housing; The Right to Buy; Housing Policy; Low-income Group; Housing Association

摘要：

我国城市化发展速度极快，中低收入劳动力群体的住房贫困问题对 城市发展的桎梏已经在不同城市中渐露端倪。但我国的城市住房干预政策 一般以社会保障为目标，住房政策中对促进劳动力流动的激励设计相对不 足。英国有丰富的劳动力住房政策实践经验，本文梳理了英国关键劳动力 住房政策体系的演变过程，发现该政策最初从应对劳动力短缺的应急措施 而来，逐步发展为具有强健活力的制度化体系，并成为英国城市规划中的 重要内容，其激励导向为劳动力投入生产市场提供了持续动力。英国关键 劳动力住房政策侧重于刺激住房需求，但未能解决支付能力危机、土地规 划僵化和地区补贴不均衡等问题。我国可以考虑加强城市保障性住房政策 的顶层设计，规划系统性住房政策配套举措，形成社会力量参与的住房合作机制。

Abstract：

China’s urbanization is extremely fast, and the shackles of housing poverty for low-income and middle-income labor groups have gradually emerged in different cities. However, China’s urban affordable housing policies mostly aim to provide social care and it is relatively insufficient to stimulate the labor force in housing policies. This paper reviews the evolution of the UK’s key labor housing policy system and summarizes what China can learn from. It finds that the key labor housing policy in the UK has developed from emergency measures for labor shortage to design systems, which has become a vital part in the UK’s surban planning system. It has provided a continuous driving force for labor to participate in production. However, the key labor housing policy in the UK has focused on stimulating housing demand, but has failed to address the affordable crisis, rigid land plans and uneven regional subsidies. Thus, China can consider to strengthen the top-level design of urban affordable housing policy, supporting measures for planning systematic housing policies, and forming a housing cooperation mechanism with the participation of social forces.

孙婧婧，广州大学公共管理学院，南方治理研究院，特聘副研究员。sunjingj7966@gzhu.edu.cn

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