王祝根 辛国庆 李百浩

Wang Zhugen, Xin Guoqing, Li Baihao

关键词：规划史；城市规划；城市转型；规划实践；巴拿马城

Keywords：Planning History; Urban Planning; Urban Transformation; Planning Practice; Panama City

摘要：

自16 世纪初建城至今，巴拿马城经历了5 个世纪的城市规划实践，完成了从殖民地城市到国家首都的历史性转变，是国际规划史研究与城市转型研究的典型范例。结合政治变革周期与运河主权演变，本文将巴拿马城的发展进程分为4 个历史时期：西班牙殖民时期、哥伦比亚时期、美控运河时期和运河回归时期，完整考察4 个历史时期的规划动因与实践行动，并以此为基础对城市规划助力城市转型的历史脉络进行思辨分析，进而对城市规划的实践动力及其与城市空间、社会经济转型的关系作归纳总结与延伸思考。对于国内学界而言，拉丁美洲城市的规划史研究仍属未知领域，对巴拿马城的规划史考察不仅有助于填补空白，而且对城市规划学科将城市转型纳入规划史研究的全过程理论框架，从历史中学习、思考城市转型议题具有参考价值。

Abstract：

Since its foundation in the early 16th century, Panama City has undergone five centuries of urban planning practice, achieving a historic transformation from a colonial city to a national capital, which is a typical sample for the study on international planning history and urban transformation. Combined with the political and canal sovereignty evolution, this paper divides the development process of Panama City into four historical periods: the Spanish colonial period, the Colombian period, the US-controlled canal period, and the canal return period. Based on summarizing the planning motivations and practical actions of each period, this paper also makes a speculative analysis on the historical context of urban planning supporting urban transformation, and explains the motive force of planning practices and its relationship with urban space and socio-economic transformation. For the moment, the planning history of Latin American cities is still largely uncharted waters for the domestic academia. For this reason, exploring the planning history of Panama City will be conducive to fill the gap in this field, and from the perspective of historical learning, it will be more important to provide references for urban planning discipline incorporated urban transformation into the whole course of planning history study.

王祝根，博士，南京工业大学建筑学院，副教授，硕士生导师；东南大学城乡规划学，博士后；中国城镇化促进会，理事

辛国庆，南京工业大学建筑学院，硕士研究生

李百浩（通信作者），东南大学建筑学院，教授，博士生导师。libaihaowh@sina.com

• [1] 李百浩, 熊浩. 近代南京城市转型与城市规划的历史研究[J]. 城市规划, 2003(10): 46-52, 71.

  [2] 郑国, 秦波. 论城市转型与城市规划转型——以深圳为例[J]. 城市发展研究, 2009(3): 31-35, 57.

  [3] 陈锋. 转型时期的城市规划与城市规划的转型[J]. 城市规划, 2004(8): 9-19.

  [4] 仇保兴. 城市转型与重构进程中的规划调控纲要[J]. 城市规划, 2012(1): 13-21.

  [5] 罗震东. 空间规划研究的新视角：历史制度主义的缘起和应用[J]. 国际城市规划, 2020(4): 1-4. DOI: 10.19830/j.upi.2020.316.

  [6] 安德烈·索伦森. 重视路径依赖：规划史中的历史制度主义研究议程[J]. 国际城市规划, 2020(4): 5-16. DOI: 10.19830/j.upi.2020.182.

  [7] HERANDEZ A C, DUARTE S A. Colonial architecture in Panama City. analysis of the heritage value of its monastic buildings[J]. Designs, 2020(4): 57. https://doi.org/10.3390/designs4040057.

  [8] TEJEIRA-DAVIS E. Pedrarías Davila and his cities in Panama, 1513-1522: new facts on early Spanish settlements in America[J]. Jahrbuch für Geschichte Lateinamerikas, 1996, 33(1): 27-62.

  [9] BIESE L P. The prehistory of Panama; Viejo[M]. Washington: Smithsonian Institution, 1964.

  [10] CALVO A C. La Ciudad Imaginada: Historia Social y Urbana del Casco Viejo de Panamá[M]. Panamá: Editora Novo Art, 2014.

  [11] Ministerio de la Vivienda, Madrid. Laws of the Indies-Ordinances for the Discovery, the population and pacification of the Indies[Z/OL]. [2022-02-06]. http://www.huduser.gov/portal/sites/default/files/pdf/The-Laws-of-the-Indies.pdf.

  [12] SAUNDERS A. Short history of the Panama Railroad[J]. The Railway and Locomotive Historical Society bulletin, 1949(78):8-44.

  [13] LLACER F J M. Panama Canal management[J]. Marine policy, 2005, 29(1): 25-37.

  [14] SIGLER T J. Global connections: Panama City as a relational city[D]. Pennsylvania: The Pennsylvania State University, 2011.

  [15] KELLER U. The building of the Panama Canal in historic photographs[M]. New York: Dover Publications, 1984.

  [16] SANDOYA R. La Ciudad de Panamá y su área Metropolitana[J]. Revista Geográfica, 1989(110): 29-56.

  [17] GUARDIA DALL’ ORSO R, GORDON BARSALLO C A. Boca la Caja and Informal Settlements in Panama[J]. World development perspectives, 2017, 6(C): 14-24.

  [18] ADAMES M D L á. No place like home: revitalization in the neighborhood of San Felipe de Neri in the historic district of Panama [City], Panama[D]. Blacksburg: Virginia Tech, 2017.

  [19] Ministerio de Vivienda. Plan de Desarrollo Urbano de las áreas Metropolitanas del Pacífico y del Atlántico[Z]. 2000.

  [20] 安德烈·索伦森. 城市化、制度变迁和制度化：复合关键节点的城市转型[J]. 国际城市规划, 2020(4): 17-24. DOI: 10.19830/j.upi.2020.172.

  
  

• 收起